Surgical Outcomes in Splenic Flexure Cancers: A Multicenter Comparison of Segmental vs. Extended Hemicolectomy (SPARROW Study)

SPARROW Study: Surgical Outcomes in Splenic Flexure Cancer

Colonic cancers located at the splenic flexure where the transverse colon turns into the descending colon are uncommon and represent less than 10% of all colorectal cancers. Because of their unique location between the blood supply of the right and left colon, there is no clear agreement on which surgical method provides the best results.

Two main procedures are used:

Segmental hemicolectomy, which removes only the part of the colon containing the tumor, and

Extended hemicolectomy, which removes a larger section of the colon and more lymph nodes.

The SPARROW Study is a prospective, multicenter observational study designed to compare these two surgical approaches in patients with splenic flexure cancer. The study will include about 140 patients (70 in each group) from multiple tertiary colorectal centers in Turkey and Europe.

Researchers will collect information about each patient's surgery, recovery, and follow-up outcomes. The main outcomes include postoperative ileus, leakage at the surgical connection (anastomosis), wound infection, and total postoperative complications. Other outcomes include number of lymph nodes removed, complete tumor resection (R0), hospital stay, recovery time, reoperation, and 3-year overall and disease-free survival.

By analyzing both short- and long-term results, the SPARROW Study aims to provide high-quality evidence to guide surgeons in choosing the best and safest operation for patients with splenic flexure cancers.

All participants will provide written informed consent before joining the study. The study has received ethical approval from the Koç University Ethics Committee and will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.